The second China-Africa Conference on Population and Development (CACPD), hosted jointly by the National Health Commission (NHC) of the People’s Republic of China, China Population and Development Research Center (CPDRC), China Population Association (CPA) and the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) with local coordination supported by Guangdong Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission, and China South Medical University, aimed to reinforce consensus and strengthen South-South Collaboration (SSC) between China and Africa on population and development.