The second high-level China-Africa Conference on Population and Development was held in Guangzhou city of China from 8th to 10th July 2018. The National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, China Population and Development Research Center, China Population Association and the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) hosted the conference jointly, with local coordination supported by Guangdong Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission, and China South Medical University. It aimed to reinforce consensus and strengthen South-South Collaboration (SSC) between China and Africa on population and development issues.